Javed Chaudhry’s New Column: Historical Background of Jews, Prophet Dawood (AS), and the Rise of Jewish Power
Introduction
The column discusses an important historical narrative about the tribes of Bani Israel, the rise of the tribe of Judah, and the role of Prophet Dawood (AS) in transforming a weak community into a powerful kingdom. It also explores the later spread of Jewish communities across different regions of the world.
The Expulsion of the Tribe of Judah
After Bani Israel returned to Palestine, tensions grew between the tribes. The tribe of Judah was eventually expelled from Jerusalem by the other ten tribes. The main reason behind this conflict was economic dominance. Members of the Judah tribe were heavily involved in lending money with interest, which allowed them to control large parts of the economic system.
Within a few years, the financial influence of Judah became so strong that the remaining tribes felt dependent on them. As a result, the ten tribes united and forced the tribe of Judah out of Jerusalem.
Hard Life After Leaving Jerusalem
Once expelled, the tribe of Judah settled on the western side of the Jordan River. They also faced restrictions on trade, which made life even harder for them.
Because of these limitations, the community had very few ways to earn a living. Most of them started working as shepherds, raising sheep and goats, while others labored in iron furnaces in Jerusalem. They were not even allowed to remain inside the city after sunset.
Feeling helpless, they prayed continuously for divine assistance.
The Arrival of Prophet Dawood (AS)
According to the narrative, God eventually showed mercy to this struggling community by sending Prophet Dawood (AS).
From a young age, Dawood (AS) had remarkable qualities. His voice was powerful and captivating. When he sang, people were deeply moved by his recitations. Because of this talent, he soon gained attention at the royal court.
During that period, Palestine was ruled by the tribe of Benjamin, and King Saul was the ruler. After hearing Dawood’s voice and musical talent, King Saul brought him into the royal court as a musician.
Musical Talent and Skills
Prophet Dawood (AS) was skilled in playing instruments like the harp and another string instrument mentioned in historical sources. His performances became an essential part of royal gatherings.
Although these details appear in biblical traditions, the Quran mainly highlights the beauty of his recitation and the unique tone known as Lahn-e-Dawoodi.
Dawood (AS) and His Remarkable Aim
Apart from music, Dawood (AS) was also known for his incredible accuracy in aiming. Since childhood, he practiced using a sling with stones.
Through constant practice, he became one of the most skilled marksmen of his tribe. He could select a single fruit on a tree full of fruit and hit exactly that one target with his sling.
The Battle with Goliath
Around 1012 BCE, a powerful group known as the people of Gath attacked Jerusalem. Their leader was Goliath, described as a giant warrior nearly nine feet tall.
Both armies faced each other in the Valley of Elah. Goliath challenged the army of Bani Israel repeatedly, but no soldier dared to fight him.
Dawood (AS), who had come to deliver food to his brother in the army, saw this challenge.
How Dawood (AS) Defeated Goliath
Dawood carried a sling and five stones in his bag. When he stepped forward to face Goliath, the giant initially refused to fight a young shepherd.
While Goliath was speaking and turning toward him, Dawood swung his sling and released a stone. The stone struck Goliath on his forehead — the only unprotected part of his armor.
The blow was fatal. Goliath fell instantly, and Dawood used the giant’s own sword to defeat him completely. This unexpected victory shocked everyone and secured success for the army of Bani Israel.
Dawood (AS) Becomes King
After this victory, King Saul married his daughter to Dawood (AS) and included him in the government.
Following Saul’s death around 1010 BCE, Dawood (AS) became the ruler. His leadership marked the restoration of honor and influence for the tribe of Judah.
Prophet, King, and Divine Book
Later, Dawood (AS) was granted prophethood along with kingship. God revealed the holy book Zabur (Psalms) to him.
Another miracle associated with him was his ability to soften iron. According to Islamic teachings, iron became flexible in his hands, allowing him to create armor without tools.
Expansion of the Kingdom
Under the rule of Dawood (AS), the kingdom expanded significantly. Historical traditions describe its territory stretching from the Nile River to the Euphrates River.
This empire included regions that correspond to parts of modern Saudi Arabia, Jordan, Syria, Iraq, and the Gulf areas.
Jerusalem became the central capital of this powerful state.
The Era of Prophet Suleiman (AS)
After Dawood (AS), his son Prophet Suleiman (AS) inherited both the throne and prophethood.
He ruled a vast kingdom and had many wives and descendants. One famous marriage was with the Queen of Sheba, also known as Bilqis, who came from Yemen.
Spread of Jewish Communities
Over time, different Jewish communities spread across various regions including Africa, Europe, and the Middle East.
Some communities settled in Ethiopia and became known as Beta Jews. Others migrated toward Europe and later formed groups such as Ashkenazi Jews.
These different communities developed unique cultures and languages over centuries.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
1. Why was the tribe of Judah expelled from Jerusalem?
They were expelled because other tribes believed their economic practices, especially money lending with interest, had given them too much financial control.
2. What special qualities did Prophet Dawood (AS) have?
He had an extraordinary voice, musical ability, and exceptional skill with a sling. These talents eventually led him to the royal court.
3. How did Dawood (AS) defeat Goliath?
He used a sling to throw a stone that struck Goliath on the forehead, which was the only part not protected by armor.
4. What book was revealed to Prophet Dawood (AS)?
The holy book revealed to him was Zabur (Psalms).
5. What happened after Prophet Dawood (AS)?
His son Prophet Suleiman (AS) became king and prophet, continuing the powerful rule of their kingdom.
